S.4280

Calendar No. 371

S. 4280

April 13, 2026

Mr. Lee (for himself and Mr. Durbin) introduced the following bill; which was read the first time

April 14, 2026

Read the second time and placed on the calendar

A BILL

To amend the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 to reauthorize and reform certain authorities and to provide greater transparency and oversight.

1. Short title; table of contents; TITLE I—PROTECTIONS FOR UNITED STATES PERSONS WHOSE COMMUNICATIONS ARE COLLECTED UNDER SECTION 702 OF THE FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE SURVEILLANCE ACT OF 1978; 101. Query procedure reform; 102. Annual reports; 103. Accountability and reporting procedures for compliance violations relating to queries conducted by the Federal Bureau of Investigation; 104. Prohibition on reverse targeting of United States persons and persons located in the United States; 105. FISA court review of targeting decisions; 106. Sunset of changes to definition of electronic communication service provider; 107. Limitation on directives under Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 relating to certain electronic communication service providers; 108. Extension of title VII of FISA; expiration of FISA authorities; effective dates; TITLE II—ADDITIONAL REFORMS RELATING TO ACTIVITIES UNDER THE FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE SURVEILLANCE ACT OF 1978; 201. Required disclosure of information and limits on use of certain information and on issuance of orders; 202. Criminal penalties for violations of FISA; 203. Agency procedures To ensure compliance; 204. Limit on civil immunity for providing information, facilities, or technical assistance to the Government absent a court order; 205. Prohibition on avoiding disclosure obligations through parallel construction; 206. Sunset on grandfather clause of FISA’s business records provision; TITLE III—REFORMS RELATING TO PROCEEDINGS BEFORE THE FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE SURVEILLANCE COURT AND OTHER COURTS; 301. Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court reform; 302. Public disclosure and declassification of certain documents; 303. Technical amendment to contempt power of FISC and FISC-R; TITLE IV—INDEPENDENT EXECUTIVE BRANCH OVERSIGHT; 401. Periodic audit of FISA compliance by Inspector General; TITLE V—PROTECTIONS FOR UNITED STATES PERSONS WHOSE SENSITIVE INFORMATION IS PURCHASED BY INTELLIGENCE AND LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES; 501. Limitation on intelligence acquisition of United States person data; 502. Limitation on law enforcement purchase of personal data from data brokers; 503. Consistent protections for demands for data held by interactive computing services; 504. Consistent privacy protections for data held by data brokers; 505. Protection of data entrusted to intermediary or ancillary service providers; TITLE VI—TRANSPARENCY; 601. Enhanced reports by Director of National Intelligence; 602. Notification to Congress of certain unauthorized disclosures; TITLE VII—LIMITED DELAYS IN IMPLEMENTATION; 701. Limited delays in implementation

Disclosure of relevant information